I took my A+ a few years ago, and it covered some Dos, Win95, and Win2000. They change the tests every 3 or so years to keep up with the changing technology. Today, there is little about Dos or Win95. There is more on XP and 2003. Understanding some networking, and how things work. There is a hardware and a software test, and you must pass both. If you fail one, you lose your money and must take that test again. My company paid for my tests, and fortunately, I passed them both. If I had failed, I would have to pay on my own until I finally passed. I work as a tech, and the cert itself means little to anyone, just something to hang on the wall. The only time I have to have it, is our company demands an A+ witha signature on insurance claims.