Brookston

Hi again. Thanks for taking a moment to help keep things on course.

phkninja: I should stay clear of cute (and somewhat mis-applied) idioms. There was no actual bug... the problem was "bugging" me and since that was resolved, I felt that, in a way... oh, never mind. I apologize for the obtuse malapropism. Further, I apologize for a typographical error (otherwise known as a "typo") in my code...actually, what I should have written was not cout << "main: b + " << b << endl; cout << "main: z + " << z << endl; but rather: cout << "main: b = " << b << endl; cout << "main: z = " << z << endl; It didn't seem to get in the way of the understanding I was seeking on function scope, so I didn't say anything about it after I noticed it...until now. As to your different outcome... I'll ponder that a bit. As soon as I get my compilers back up and running, I'll give it my own test. Thank you very much for your genuine and helpful interest. I can see I'm in good company. It spurs me on to do my best.

LLXX: First of all, thank you very, very much! I sincerely appreciate your very prompt and clear explanation! You asked, "Why not just compile and run it?" A fair question. There are some practical reasons* at the moment, but beside those, I really did want to try to comprehend the concept without compiling. *Practical Reasons: I'm so new to VisualC++ that I have not yet learned to use it properly. I tried writing and running some simple code on VC++, but couldn't get it to compile as yet. Back to the instruction manual. VC++ is more complex than my old Borland TurboC++ upon which I could enter all sorts of code experiments for proof quite easily. And it so happens that I haven't set up the old machine yet with the compiler with which I was more familiar. I've been busy in the text books mostly and reviewing old notes and exercises on paper. Those issues are soon to be rectified... I just wanted to get this theoretical function concept down in the mean time. It was bugging me. Thanks for exterminating my bug. B)

Hi I've recently picked up my programming studies after having laid them aside for a several years, so I'm still a beginner. I recently purchased and have enjoyed working through a book/CD combo by Dietel + Dietel on C++ and I also have copy of a lite version of VisualC++ v6. I have also been going through some old course materials and plan to get back to creating simple console programs for Windows 3.1 on my old PC using my old Borland TurboC++ 4.5 compiler for fun, and as a sort of a basic concept "lab class", which brings me to this: Lately, I've been struggling with an issue with regard to functions... I came upon an old test question in my old course materials that frankly, has me stumped. Maybe it's because it was really a trick question. I've read and re-read my old text book and other more recent C++ books, I've searched this web forum and others, I've looked for C++ tutorials that would clarify my thinking on functions, but I've not been able to understand what the output, if any, of the code example would be. I've recreated the code below (it only vaguely resembles the original). #include <iostream.h> void beezer(int b, int z) { b = 3; z = z + b; cout << "beezer: b " << b << endl; cout << "beezer: z " << z << endl; } int main( ) { int b = 9; int z = 18; beezer(b, z); cout << "main: b + " << b << endl; cout << "main: z + " << z << endl; } Me, to avoid confusion, I wouldn't have used the same identifiers in both the "beezer" function and the main. And I don't think I quite understand how z can be initialized with z + b when z hasn't been initialized. Unless you can use the values in main...OK, I MIGHT understand, but which "b" do you use?? Anyway, maybe the point was that C++ could, in fact, run the code, and if I understood functions and calls properly, I'd know what the output would be anyway...even with the code written as it is. Bottom line: what would the output of this code be, if any? I have guessed such things as : 3, 3 AND 9, 18 ...but I don't know. Would you consider offering a helping hand when you find a minute? I feel as though I understand the basics of functions when clearly written, but when it comes to this particular code, I can't figure out how in the world it would ever work! I feel that knowing the answer to this might give me a deeper understanding of the basics of functions and calls and I certainly don't want to stumble ahead without having a clear understanding and good foundation of the LAWS of the function and the call. Can you help?

"Aha!" he exclaimed hopefully. Thank you! Yes, it's XP and I didn't know there WAS a Service Pack 3. I will look into that immediately and bring back a good report soon. In the meantime (no to demean this promising and logical-sounding solution), the "welcome mat" is still out to all other potential solutions. Brookston clear.

I've gotten the following error message whenever I click the "To" icon when beginning an Outlook email: "Can't contact LDAP Directory server (81)" What does this mean?? I formerly used Microsoft Outlook Express. I switched to Outlook months ago and have been "limping along" with this malfunction ever since. After encountering the error message, I must go up to a drop-down menu and manually select "Contacts" rather than "Address Book" and find one of an old collection of email addresses there (over time, I've come to realize that there have been no more additions to this contact list since I migrated over to Outlook). Perhaps I only THOUGHT I successfully imported my address book from Outlook Express way back when (although I remember having gotten some sort of "success" window at the time). So how can I get this fixed so that 1) a fully functional address book comes up when I click on the "To" icon, and 2) new email addresses can be manually or automatically added to this Truly Functional Outlook address book? Can you help?

When I switched from Outlook Express (which I enjoyed using) to Outlook (because other programs I need claimed to prefer it), I thought importing the address book was supposed to be effortless. The steps I was instructed to take were effortless, but the effect was unsatisfactory. Whenever I wish to create a new email now and click on the "TO" link, there is a long pause followed by an error message with the heading: "Microsoft LDAP Directory" and content that says: "Can't contact LDAP directory server (81)" I then have to select the only other alternative from a drop-down menu which in my case is "Contacts" or some such thing. Can someone with experience help me resolve this issue? I'm sorry to say that I don't even know what the LDAP directory is. Please help if you can. Thanks very much.