Wow, your MassStorage section is quite large...does it need to be that large?  Any ways, do a file search on your image and pick "Search text within files".  Then input "c_20127.nls" and hit search.  If it finds this statement in C:\windows\inf\oemX.inf, where X is some random number, then that is probably your problem.  In fact, if it finds any results in any INF file in C:\windows\inf, purge that INF from that directory and try it again.