Wahey! I changed to 16-bit color .. and the icon appeared. Great. However, the Aero theme is disabled at this color-depth. So I returned to 32-bit color and the icons go back to 'non-association' icons So, I changed the color-depth to 16-bit again, deleted the icon cache again. Then ran the Aero compatibility troubleshooter, which re-enabled the 32-bit color depth, but the icon is fixed! Excellent Edit: Just to be complete, in case someone else finds this post hoping for a fix, I did do one other thing. In the registry I had the following entry: [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Installer\UserData\S-1-5-18\Components\20F0FC333CA54974991575001F62DDA2] "958E0E1DD64F80744AD1DE090C1C28A2"="C?\\Program Files (x86)\\Acronis\\TrueImageHome\\TrueImage.exe" Notice the '?' instead of a colon ':'. I adjusted that entry to read C:\. I don't know if this helped fix my icons, but just to be complete I thought I'd mention it.